英语中的动词可以作为名词使用,这种用法被称为动词作名词。常见的形式包括Gerunds(动名词,以-ing结尾的动词形式)、Infinitives(不定式,以to + 动词原形的形式表示)和Participles(分词,以-ing或-ed结尾的动词形式)。这些形式可以作为主语、宾语、表语、介词宾语等使用,对提高英语水平非常有帮助。
1. Gerunds
Gerunds是一种将动词变成名词的形式,通常以-ing结尾。例如,”swimming”和”reading”就是Gerunds。Gerunds可以作主语、宾语、表语、介词宾语等。例如:
- Swimming is my favorite sport. (主语)
- I enjoy reading books. (宾语)
- Her favorite hobby is singing. (表语)
- He is good at playing basketball. (介词宾语)
2. Infinitives
Infinitives即不定式,是一种以to + 动词原形的形式表示的名词。Infinitives可以作主语、宾语、表语、介词宾语等。例如:
- To succeed in life is my goal. (主语)
- I want to learn English. (宾语)
- Her dream is to become a doctor. (表语)
- He has a lot of books to read. (介词宾语)
3. Participles
Participles是一种以-ing或-ed结尾的动词形式,可以用来作为形容词或名词。例如:
- The running man is my friend. (现在分词作名词)
- The broken vase needs to be fixed. (过去分词作名词)